men followed: the SAS pilot refused to take the deer - because of their offensive smell. Before the impasse was resolved there was a further crisis : the animals' rations were getting low; a wire had to be sent to Minnesota and instructions wired back; and quantities of alfalfa and crushed wheat had to be located somehow, and in a hurry. And to solve the quandary the Duluth representative of SAS had to hurry to New York to see that this goodwill project did not turn into a fiasco. Associated Press kept the public informed of developments with almost hourly bulletins, and in the interest of `good public relations' the deer finally flew off by SAS as originally planned. The Helsinki newspapers greeted their arrival with the headline, "The Minnesota Deer Laugh Last . .. "

The Number of Finns in Duluth: Estimates of the number of

Finns in Duluth have varied greatly. Many figures cited have been pure guesswork. The earliest reliable figure is probably that of the Duluth Herald on 6 April 1937, made on the basis of census statistics : 3,040 immigrants from Finland, 3,148 born in the United States of Finnish parents. The 1950 Census shows 2,117 foreign-born Finns living within the Duluth city limits. If those living in Superior are added the total rises to 2,585, and if the whole twin-city metropolitan area is included the sum is 9,678. This latter figure would also include the SwedishFinns, estimated to be about 2,000.

According to the studies made by Jokinen, the majority of the Duluth Finns lived in the center of the city, but it must be noted that after World War II there was a move toward the outskirts. On the other hand, there has also been evident a move back into the city proper, particularly on the part of older, pensioned people, attracted by the greater ease of city living.

In 1950 there were 14,475 Finns in Minnesota. Of these, 6,259 were listed as urban residents, 4,433 as farmers, and 3,783 as non-farming rural residents. The majority of the latter were miners who owned their own homes in the country but who did not cultivate more than small home gardens. In 1950, then, the percentage of city dwellers was 43%, while ten years earlier it had been 34.7%; it may be assumed that the trend will continue.

The majority of Duluth's Finns in 1950 were men, although the difference is less than in rural areas. For the state as a whole, there were in 1930 a total of 139 men to every 100 women, in 1940 it was 130 to 100, and in 1950 the difference was even

334