band, although the Runeberg Band was considered to have in dependent status because it had its own bylaws and owned its own musical instruments; in 1910, this band had 24 members. Finally, during the strikes of 1907, a special strikers' band was formed, and it took part in the protest marches of the strikers and marched from mine to mine with them.

The Kaleva Order in Eveleth: While Kaleva activity in Eveleth has already been mentioned in passing, in connection with the histories of Virginia and Gilbert, it might be added here that the Otava Chapter held its meetings in the loft over August Berry's hardware store from 1903 until 1908, when steps were taken to start a new chapter, the Sampsa, so that the Otava could move back to Sparta. However, interest in Eveleth began to weaken, and the Sampsa came to an end. In 1922 the Otava began to contact former Sampsa members to try to have them join a group which would represent the Kaleva interests in Eveleth, Virginia and Gilbert. The result was that the Otava Chapter once more moved to Eveleth and there gained so much new blood that in 1935 the chapter had 33 members and in the 1950s was still active. In 1924, the chapter purchased an island in Long Lake for a vacation site and for summer meetings, and it was there that ten years later a completely new phase in Kaleva activity was initiated : a Kaleva youth camp.

The action was indicated by the need for measures to preserve something of the Finnish heritage among the younger generation. The older people had often forgotten that the youth they were bringing up in America were no longer Finnish but typically American, without any marked enthusiasm for organized Finnish American activities, in part because the organizations themselves had not done anything to attract them or in a form where they would comprehend issues involved. Pinpointing this appeal was the basic condition for the continued existence of any Finnish organization.

This problem had been under discussion within the Kaleva chapter of Eveleth for some time, and it was taken up for consideration in joint discussions with all Kaleva delegates from Minnesota in 1932, when a committee was appointed to prepare specific proposals. The committee was made up of Jacob Hill, Heikki Moilanen and Carl W. Tamminen of the Otava Chapter, and Maria Oja, Milma Lappala and Lydia Tuura (Ibbotson) of the Valvotar Ladies. The committee organized the Eveleth summer camp program, for which they succeeded in getting as director, Carl Kleimola, a teacher at the Wakefield, Michigan high school,

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