who was to be assisted by Carl W. Tamminen of Eveleth. Several prominent Finns of Northern Minnesota consented to address the young people : Consul E. A. Aaltio of Duluth, Dr. John Räihälä, Pastor Milma Lappala, Deputy Sheriff Matthew Mattson, and Heikki Moilanen of the Päivälehti, all of Virginia. At this first summer course there were 47 students, aged between 15 and 20, high school students or graduates, plus a few students of junior colleges. The aim was to give this group a background in Finnish history, culture and geography, together with some instruction in the Finnish language and an introduction to the Finnish national epic, the Kalevala.

Focusing attention on the Finnish language had come at the proper moment. The point had been reached in many families where parents and children were unable to communicate with each other. Once the gap was there it often threatened to widen, with some of the children ashamed of the Finnish language and refusing to speak it altogether, and going to the extreme of wanting to change their names and refusing to have anything to do with things Finnish : under such circumstances, how long would even vestiges of the language remain alive in America? Yrjö Rauanheimo discussed the problem in the Canadan Uutiset, stating his conviction that for the younger generation the Finnish language no longer meant anything more than possibly the use of a few words of endearment they had heard as children, and that the language might, perhaps, be preserved in America for another 50 years to come. Rafael Engelberg replied to this argument, stating his own hope that the language would survive this transitional period in which this generation, in its feeling of superiority, looks down upon its inherited language, to reach

Ladies of Kaleva have their first convention in Eveleth in 1906. In front: Elina Mattola, Vellamo Tupa, Ely; Ida Harso, Kyllikki Tupa, Ironwood, Mich.; Lydia Lescelius, Tuulikki Tupa, Calumet, Mich.; Lotta Hiltunen, Tuulikki Tupa, Calumet, Mich. Center: Ida Luhtala, Tellervo Tupa, Butte, Mont.; second and third unknown; Hilda Häyha, Red Lodge, Mont.; unknown; Tillie Nelson, Eveleth; Mrs. Hattu-S'jato, Ely; Anna Tikkala-Tuomela, Kyllikki Tupa; fifth and sixth unknown.

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